The Golden Age of Statistical Graphics
نویسندگان
چکیده
Statistical graphics and data visualization have long histories, but their modern forms began only in the early 1800s. Between roughly 1850 and 1900 (±10), an explosive growth occurred in both the general use of graphic methods and the range of topics to which they were applied. Innovations were prodigious and some of the most exquisite graphics ever produced appeared, resulting in what may be called the “Golden Age of Statistical Graphics.” In this article I trace the origins of this period in terms of the infrastructure required to produce this explosive growth: recognition of the importance of systematic data collection by the state; the rise of statistical theory and statistical thinking; enabling developments of technology; and inventions of novel methods to portray statistical data. To illustrate, I describe some specific contributions that give rise to the appellation “Golden Age.”
منابع مشابه
The reproductive biology of golden barb (Barbus luteus Heckel, 1843) in Maroon River, Iran
Golden barb (Barbus luteus) is one of the species in south and southwest of Iran which is greatly favorable to residents of the region. Unfavorable ecological conditions in habitat of this species and overfishing have led to reduction of the population of golden barb. Therefore, to restore the natural stock of this species, identifying its reproductive cycle associated with its habitat is of a ...
متن کاملThe relationship between the components of investment in sport (encouraging sponsors to participate in the Iranian Soccer League) and the theory of social capital
Abstract In this study , the relationship between investment components in sport and social capital is examined and the population in this research consists of 55 marketing consultant of Iranian soccer league sports sponsors. The research tool is also a questionnaire and for data analysis the statistical software spss and structural equation modeling method graphics Amos were used. In theoret...
متن کاملGolden Ratio Sequences for Low-Discrepancy Sampling
Most classical constructions of low-discrepancy point sets are based on generalizations of the one-dimensional binary van der Corput sequence whose implementation requires non-trivial bit-operations. As an alternative we introduce the quasi-regular golden ratio sequences which are based on the fractional part of successive integer multiples of the golden ratio. By leveraging results from number...
متن کاملEffect of stocking density and salinity on the growth and survival of golden Anabas fry
Stocking density and salinity influence on the growth and survival of golden Anabas fry were studied. Experiments were carried out at Hatchery Unit, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor, Malaysia. Growth parameters were measured once a month. While survival was monitored daily throughout the experimental period. Water quality such as temperature, dissolved oxygen...
متن کامل